By David Suzuki
A year ago, we revisited the 1992 乌鸦传媒淲orld Scientists乌鸦传媒� Warning to Humanity.乌鸦传媒� Signed by a majority of Nobel laureates in sciences at the time and more than 1,700 leading scientists worldwide, the document warned, 乌鸦传媒淗uman beings and the natural world are on a collision course.乌鸦传媒�
It called for a new ethic that encompasses our responsibility to ourselves and nature and that recognizes our dependence on Earth and its natural systems. It also called for stabilizing human population through 乌鸦传媒渋mproved social and economic conditions, and the adoption of effective, voluntary family planning.乌鸦传媒� Now, 25 years later, we乌鸦传媒檝e added two billion people, a 35 per cent increase.
Despite progress in stabilizing the stratospheric ozone layer, all the other problems scientists looked at in 1992 have worsened.
On the declaration乌鸦传媒檚 25th anniversary in November, more than 15,000 scientists from around the world signed a new warning 乌鸦传媒� 乌鸦传媒渢he most scientists to ever co-sign and formally support a published journal article.乌鸦传媒� The BioScience article states, 乌鸦传媒淏y failing to adequately limit population growth, reassess the role of an economy rooted in growth, reduce greenhouse gases, incentivize renewable energy, protect habitat, restore ecosystems, curb pollution, halt defaunation, and constrain invasive alien species, humanity is not taking the urgent steps needed to safeguard our imperilled biosphere.乌鸦传媒�
It raises concerns about climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions from 乌鸦传媒渂urning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agricultural production乌鸦传媒攑articularly from farming ruminants for meat consumption.乌鸦传媒� And it points out, 乌鸦传媒渨e have unleashed a mass extinction event, the sixth in roughly 540 million years, wherein many current life forms could be annihilated or at least committed to extinction by the end of this century.乌鸦传媒�
Some have criticized the warning for being overly alarmist, but the situation is alarming, and we aren乌鸦传媒檛 doing enough to avert catastrophe. Where will we be 25 years from now? It won乌鸦传媒檛 be chance that determines our future. It will be the choices we make today.
There乌鸦传媒檚 a hint of hope. The scientists note that co-operative government actions resulted in a 乌鸦传媒渞apid global decline in ozone-depleting substances,乌鸦传媒� and that global poverty and hunger rates have dropped. Investing in education for girls and women has contributed to falling birth rates in many regions, deforestation has been reduced in some countries, and the renewable-energy sector has been growing rapidly.
We can make positive changes if we co-operate, but it will take action from all of humanity. We can乌鸦传媒檛 leave it to governments, especially as so many in thrall to the fossil fuel industry are failing to work for citizens. As the scientists argue, 乌鸦传媒淪ustainability transitions come about in diverse ways, and all require civil-society pressure and evidence-based advocacy, political leadership, and a solid understanding of policy instruments, markets, and other drivers.乌鸦传媒�
The warning offers many solutions, many policy-based. They include protecting habitat on land, water and air; recognizing and maintaining the important services intact ecosystems provide; restoring forests and other 乌鸦传媒渘ative plant communities乌鸦传媒�; re-introducing native species 乌鸦传媒渢o restore ecological processes and dynamics乌鸦传媒�; using policy to protect species from poaching and illegal trade; reducing food waste and promoting a shift to more plant-based diets; reducing fertility rates through 乌鸦传媒渁ccess to education and voluntary family-planning services乌鸦传媒�; promoting nature education and appreciation; shifting investment and spending to 乌鸦传媒渆ncourage positive environmental change乌鸦传媒�; fostering advances in green technologies and renewable energy while eliminating subsidies to fossil fuels; altering the economy to reduce wealth inequality 乌鸦传媒渁nd ensure that prices, taxation, and incentive systems take into account the real costs which consumption patterns impose on our environment乌鸦传媒�; and 乌鸦传媒渆stimating a scientifically defensible, sustainable human population size for the long term while rallying nations and leaders to support that vital goal.乌鸦传媒�
In short, if we take the urgency to heart, there are solutions.
Although government action and policy are crucial, so too is citizen engagement. 乌鸦传媒淲ith a groundswell of organized grassroots efforts, dogged opposition can be overcome and political leaders compelled to do the right thing. It乌鸦传媒檚 also time to re-examine and change our individual behaviors, including limiting our own reproduction (ideally to replacement level at most) and drastically diminishing our per capita 颅consumption of fossil fuels, meat, and other resources.乌鸦传媒�
As a new year begins, we can and must do everything possible to shift course. If we wait another 25 years, it will be too late.
David Suzuki is a scientist, broadcaster, author and co-founder of the David Suzuki Foundation. Written with contributions from David Suzuki Foundation Senior Editor Ian Hanington.
